Is Age A Factor When Learning a Second Language?

Most people know that age is one of the factors that affect the capabilities of learning a new language. But is it really factual?

Follow through to know everything about learning a new language both as a kid and as an adult.

Early second language acquisition

Learning a language at a younger age is easier. By this time you are still open to learning and mastering new ideas. Moreover, studies have established that until you reach around 12 years, you will be learning at least a new word in your first language every day. Therefore, learning a new language comes more naturally at this point. It can be as natural as learning to ride a bike or walking.

Scientists also explain that the various language aspects like intonation and pronunciation are easier to acquire during childhood due to neuromuscular mechanisms, which stay active till 12 years of age.

In childhood, there are also high chances of imitation, tolerance, spontaneity, and flexibility that welcomes new experiences. The more you grow the less these features reduce, hence it becomes harder to learn a new language when older.

The other thing that works best for kids is their willingness to communicate and learn. Kids are not afraid to make mistakes, neither do they shy from asking questions and interacting. At this point, they also have no judgment on any language.

Late language acquisition

Some of the reasons why it is harder to master a second language later in life include;

• Social changes

Compared to the younger periods, at old age, you never have enough time to dedicate to learning the second language. At this time you are juggling education, work, and maybe family. The only time you get to learn is squeezed out of the busy schedule. At the same time, your mind might still be clouded with other things you need to attend to. It thus takes time before mastering the new language.

• Interference from the primary language

At this time you have mastered all the rules of your first language. You will find it hard to transition to a new language that requires new rules and culture. From time to time you might see the influence of the first language on the new language you are learning.

• Brain development

Brain development favors language in early life. Once you grow old the Broca’s part loses plasticity hence more effort and time are needed to master a new language.

Should you learn a new language as an adult?

Even though it might be daunting to learn a new language as an adult, you still have it all to learn. Several people have successfully mastered multiple languages in adulthood. You only need to find the right online language courses to guide you from start to mastery.

Stay consistent once you start learning. It takes even longer when you are not committed to the courses. Look for various study and exercise materials. Watch videos, listen to music, and read books written in the second language. Also, keep practicing by speaking and writing in the new language.